Dear Dr

HIV is not transmitted by either saliva or sweat, and nobody has ever been known to be infected by non-intimate personal contact. In fact, saliva is toxic to HIV; maybe sweat is as well (I'm not aware of research on this aspect). If either sweat or saliva could transmit HIV, there would be thousands if not millions of cases in people whose only exposures were day to day contact with their fellow humans by being served in restaurants, exchanging cash and credit cards, sitting next to sweating persons on a hot bus, etc, etc. But there are almost no HIV infections known among people who did not have the traditional exposures (sex, direct blood contact, etc). The low risk of saliva is also reflected in the absence of proved HIV transmission by kissing and by oral sex. (There have been a few cases in which the oral partner was infected by giving a BJ to an infected male partner, but no others known by oral sex.) And it also is equally obvious that some of the billions of events that involved close contact with other persons' sweat or saliva would have included blood present in those fluids -- but still no known transmissions. Finally, your daughter picking her nose does not increase the risk.

Another way to look at this is that undoubtedly you and your kids have had other contacts with other people that unknowingly included exposure to their sweat or saliva. And for that matter, their blood or sexual fluids. Even blood in the environment isn't a risk:  the household members of people with HIV never catch it themselves, even after years of sharing toilets, kitchens, towels, eating utensil and so on (assuming they aren't also sex partners or share drug injection equipment).  

So I really wouldn't worry about this at all. Let me know if anything isn't clear.

HHH, MD

Thank you very much for for your swift and clear response - I really appreciate the detail there. 

I can see from your answer that we don't need to differentiate between HIV-1 and HIV-2 in terms of risk for these sorts of events (ie it's the same response for both types of HIV) - please let me know if I've mis-interpreted?

Other than that, no further questions at all from me - thank you. 

Best wishes and stay safe.