[Question #10282] HIV

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24 months ago
I was the receptive partner in anal sex. It was my first time and last. He didn’t ejaculate, but we didn’t use a condom. I contacted a teledoc for PEP after looking it up. He called in descovy. I took descovy by itself from 2 days after exposure, to 20 days after exposure before I realized that descovy by itself is just a prep. I tested negative on rapid finger prick and lab based 4th gen combo at 20 days. I tested again at 66 days post exposure (46 since last dose) and was negative with 4th gen. I’ve had white tongue, malaise, swollen lymph nodes, and other skin stuff going on pretty much from 2 weeks post exposure until now. I am currently 84 days post exposure and plan on testing again to be sure, but I am freaking out. How conclusive have my tests thus far been?
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H. Hunter Handsfield, MD
24 months ago
Welcome to the forum. I'm happy to help.

The bottom line (pun not intended, but there it is!) is that you do not have HIV.

Had you asked earlier, I would have advised completing the prescribed 4 weeks of PEP. There are no data on its effectiveness with shorter courses, like 20 days. I don't understand what you mean by "descovy by itself is just a PrEP". It makes no difference that the same drug is used for both PEP and PrEP; this didn't mean you could safely stop PEP early. However, your negative test results are conclusive since you tested negative more than 6 weeks after your last dose. Some experts believe that if PEP fails it might take up to 3 months for testing to become positive, but almost certainly 6 weeks is plenty. However, because of that slight uncertainty it is reasonable to retest as you plan, i.e. another AgAb (4th generation) blood test 90 days after the last dose. It will also be negative.

In addition, your negative test results prove your symptoms are not due to HIV. The symptoms of ARS are not caused by the virus itself, but by the immune response to it -- and antibody is part of the immune response. Therefore, with symptoms caused by HIV, the antibody tests always are positive, no exceptions -- no matter how long after exposure the symptoms are.

If your symptoms continue and/or you remain concerned about them, follow up with your doctor. But you can put aside any worries about HIV.

However, I do hope this has been a learning experience for you. Please use condoms for future anal sex events, or take PrEP; and also discuss HIV status before having sex with new or casual partners. Most people are happy to have such discussions -- and to not proceed with partners who are positive and not on treatment, or who seem evasive in their replies.

I hope these comments are helpful. Let me know if anything isn't clear.

HHH, MD
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24 months ago
Descovy is only 2 drugs and I’ve been told that PEP requires a 3rd drug. If that’s not true then I for sure would have finished the full course. I do have IGA Nephropathy so the doctor was trying to take it easy on my kidneys. I also felt like it was either HIV or the PEp itself that made me feel like crap. 2 weeks after possible exposure I had a gum infection that I felt like was an opportunistic infection due to acute hiv. I ended up having two wisdom teeth removed a week later. I know that you can’t diagnose hiv based off of symptoms, but I tested for every other std at 20 days post exposure. Do you think that I need to possibly test for others when I take my 90 day test?
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H. Hunter Handsfield, MD
24 months ago
The benefit of adding a third drug to PEP regimens is mostly theoretical. PEP with two almost never fails, so the benefit of the third drug is marginal at best. In much of the world, PEP continues mostly with Descovy or other two-drug regimens.

That said, we don't really know that 4 weeks is truly necessary for effective prevention with PEP; 20 days may be fine. It is almost impossible to study the actual effect of PEP in humans, and even animal models -- i.e. with primates -- are extremely expensive and impractical. Most likely 20 days is fine -- and it wasn't such a bad idea to cut it short if the side effects were bothersome.

No STD other than HIV causes symptoms like you describe, and assuming you had the proper kinds of STD tests at the 20 day mark -- chlamydia/gonorrhea testing by urine or urethral swab, rectal swab, and oral swab if you have recently performed oral on partners -- you can be sure you don't have those infections. It was a bit soon for syphilis testing; around half of all newly infected people would have positive blood tests at 3 weeks, so you should have another test 6+ weeks after the exposure (90 days would be fine). Don't test for anything else:  all others are too unlikely or the tests are not reliable. Still see a doctor if your symptoms continue, but almost certainly they are entirely unrelated to the sexual exposure described above.
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24 months ago
One last thing….could Epstein-Barr virus cause some of those symptoms? I forgot to throw in the part that no matter what I do, my skin is the driest it’s ever been, along with my mouth. I had a doctor at the ER recommend looking into sjorens syndrome with my primary care doctor. I don’t have health insurance again until a month from now. That has been a huge stressor as well. This is my last comment, but I truly appreciate the time and knowledge you’ve given me. Take care!
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24 months ago
Hi, just following up to get my last answer. Thank you!
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H. Hunter Handsfield, MD
24 months ago
No, EBV is not a plausible explanation for any of this. Dry skin and mouth are not symptoms of EBV, HIV, or any STD. I can't common on Sjogren's syndrome -- it's rare, but can explain dry mouth. But these symptoms sound mostly psychological to me.

I do hope the discussion has been helpful. Best wishes and stay safe.
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