[Question #10444] Confused about oral wart
22 months ago
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I was diagnosed with an oral papilloma on my soft palate about 18 years ago. At that time I had it partially removed, but about three years later it grew. I really did nothing after that for a few years. I started seeing another ENT about 3 years ago who said it was really nothing to worry about and we would just monitor it once a year. He also stated that transmission was highly unlikely, and there was no reason for me to discuss this with any new partners. Well I’m no longer seeing that ent and went to a new one yesterday. He stated that I needed to have it removed and I should never kissed anyone again. even after removal of the papilloma. Sorry for the long buildup, and I understand this might not be in the realm of STD but I guess my main question is if I had genital warts, and had it removed he wouldn’t tell me never to have sex with anybody again, correct? Meaning is there a reason for me to stop kissing including deep kissing?
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H. Hunter Handsfield, MD
22 months ago
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Welcome back to the forum. I looked back at your thread about 2 ½ years ago. In response to this new question, I went into the literature on oral HPV more than I have in several years. As a result, you'll need to bear with me as I take the opportunity for one of my occasional longer, blog-like replies that might be helpful to other users and for future reference.
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There is substantial confusion about oral HPV infections in general and oral warts in particular, as well as highly variable levels of training and understanding between various medical practitioners. The advice you received all those years ago, and to some extent in my reply in your previous thread, was based primarily on clinical experience -- that is, what doctors observed in their practices -- and not primarily on systematic research. Specialists in this area (which do not include many STD experts) classify several types of oral warts based on their appearance: common warts (verruca vulgaris), squamous papillomas, multifocal epithelial hyperplasia, and condylomata accuminata (singular condyloma accuminatum), which tend to be caused by different types of HPV, and sometimes by types uncommonly transmitted sexually. It becomes more confusing because some experts consider squamous papillomas and condyloma accuminata to be the same thing. And there are varying opinions on sexual acquisition and transmission of oral HPV infections, and this might be different for the various oral papilloma types. (If you want to delve into the weeds, this is a pretty good and fairly recent published review of the topic: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30693456/.)
Given the inherent uncertainties, it isn't surprising that different doctors have differing perspectives and advice. Some ENT specialists have extensive experience treating patients with serious complications, especially throat and head and neck cancers, and might have more assertive advice about exposing others either by kissing or oral sex. This may be the case with your most recent ENT. But here's another perspective, which is most common among STD specialists and reflects my own advice to patients: For every person with a visible or diagnosed oral wart, there are probably 10-20 others who have oral HPV infections that are equally transmissible to their partners. For those persons' current or potential sex partners, avoiding contact only with the visible wart person has little if any impact on their own risk of acquiring HPV. Even persons with fairly conservative sexual lifestyles are going to be repeatedly exposed. And even with the high risk HPV types -- those more likely to cause cancers -- the large majority of infected persons do not develop cancer. (This perspective is the same for HPV infections of any anatomic site, not just oral.)
Largely for these reasons, an entirely reasonable and healthy perspective is to more or less ignore HPV as a risk for partners. Everyone gets HPV; at least 90% of all sexually active persons become infected and many or most carry HPV viral DNA for life. Therefore getting and having HPV, whether genital, anal or oral, is a normal, expected, unavoidable consequence of being human. This doesn't mean prevention should be ignored, but the three main strategies are 1) for persistent, recurrent or otherwise atypical warts, get examined periodically by an expert to detect and effectively treat those lesions that become malignant or precancerous; 2) be vaccinated against HPV which, before exposure to the 9 HPV types covered by the vaccine offers 100% protection against these types, which cause 90% of warts and HPV cancers; and 3) for women to religiously follow guidelines for periodic Pap smears which, like strategy no. 1, allows early detection almost always in time to prevent serious outcomes. In addition, evolving evidence increasingly is that even among people already infected, vaccination reduces the frequency of reactivation and the risk of progression to warts or cancer (stress on reduce, nowhere near 100% protection). And these protections are even better than it might seem, because benefits are seen in regard to many HPV types not actually included in the vaccine.
With that long preamble, my first advice to you is to keep following up with ENT about your oral papilloma, perhaps eventually to surgically remove it but at a minimum to observe for changes suspicious for cancer or pre-cancer. Second, consider immunization if not already done: protection isn't guaranteed, but the risk of both progression and transmission of your current HPV infection(s) might be lower. Third, I disagree with your latest ENT advice and see no need to start avoiding kissing and oral sex. This last might be modified for some partners, however. If aware of your wart or especially concerned about HPV, discuss the situation with them. Even if the chance of actual harm is little or none, they should be part of a mutual decision making process simply out of human kindness.
I hope these comments are helpful. Let me know if anything isn't clear.
HHH, MD
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22 months ago
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Thank you. I’ll be going back to the first ent. I really appreciate the effort you put into my question. I hope it’s helpful to other people.
22 months ago
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Last thing, I’m 53. Is that too old for the vaccine?
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H. Hunter Handsfield, MD
22 months ago
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The vaccine is FDA approved up through age 45, but there is no legal or other restriction on its use in older persons. So far, FDA considerations have not included reduced risk of progression, transmission, etc -- only prevention. Maybe that will change one of these days. At this point, you should discuss with your doctor. Assuming s/he is OK administering the vaccine, the main issue likely will be insurance coverage, and it's pretty expensive. I haven't heard about price recently, but it could be in the range of $400-500 plus whatever the office charges for giving each of at least two injections.
Be clear -- the actual benefit to you isn't known precisely but probably is low to moderate at best. If I were in your situation, I probably wouldn't do it. But it's something to discuss with your doctor.
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22 months ago
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Thank you. Just so I’m clear. It’s sounds for the most part I should just live my life as normal. As for disclosure to a new partner it’s really just out of respect and not there is really any more chance of me transmitting it to some that hasn’t had a hpv diagnosis? Because more than likely they been exposed many time already?
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H. Hunter Handsfield, MD
22 months ago
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I'm not saying you cannot transmit HPV by orally exposing someone -- just that it isn't possible to know, and the consequences even if HPV is so transmitted probably are trivial or none. And yes, there are millions of folks -- up to 5-10% of the population -- with undiagnosed oral HPV who are exposing and likely infecting many of their partners. In that sense, you are little more risky, if at all, compared to all the others with undiagnosed infection.
That concludes this thread. Thanks for the thanks.
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