[Question #12189] False Positive HIV or not?

Avatar photo
9 months ago
Dear Dr
I had intercourse with a lady ( unknown HIV status) . Condom broke and i immediately pulled out .  She said it the end of her period , didnt notice any blood. Then we had anal and the condom was intact.

6 days after this a started to feel sore throat , fatigue and some abdominal pain ( no fever) which  lasted for about a week. 
on day 19, i went to the test center and got a rapid hiv test  ( Statpak) to my shock it was reactive, i have done another 1 and it was reactive as well ( weaker line)  . The same blood sample was taken to 4rth generation abbott artchitect test and came back negative.  After 2 week ( day 32 post exposure ) another combo architect was taken and came back negative) . The drs here said no more testing needed and i am negative from this exposure. 
Do you agree? if a 2nd generation igg test picked up something should combo pick it up as well? can i easy my mind from this exposure? did you in your practice see this situation before?

Thank you


Avatar photo
H. Hunter Handsfield, MD
9 months ago
Welcome to the forum. I'm happy to address these issues.

I certainly understand how an initial positive rapid HIV test can be alarming! But as you suspect yourself, the bottom line is that it certain that result was false positive. The AgAb (4th generation) blood tests are far more reliable and accurate than rapid tests; the AgAb result on the same sample with the false positive result is highly reassuring. In addition, the follow-up AgAb test a month after the exposure nearly nails it, for two reasons. First, it proves your symptoms (sore throat etc) were not due to HIV:  it is not possible to have HIV symptoms and test negative. (HIV symptoms are not caused by HIV itself, but by the immune system, which means anti-HIV antibody has to be present. Second, these tests are at least 99% conclusive by 32 days. (Answering your closing question, it is true that if the initial rapid 2nd generation test were detecting true anti-HIV antibody, the later tests definitely would have been positive as well.) And no, I've never seen or heard of a situation like yours in which the patient turned out to have HIV.

That said, there are rare cases in which it has taken up to 45 days for the AgAb tests to become positive. So while I agree with the doctors who advised you're in the clear and not more testing is needed, most experts would advise one more test after 45 days (or 6 weeks, 42 days) just to be that much more certain. If you decide to do that, I am confident that result also will be negative.

Without going into great detail, I'll add that your exposure actually was very low risk for HIV to begin with. Few partners like yours have HIV; even entirely unprotected vaginal sex to completion (several minutes) with an HIV infected female has under 1 chance in 2,000 of catching the virus; and your symptoms are more typical of a common cold than HIV, and they also started too soon.

I think those comments address all your questions. Let me know if anything isn't clear.

HHH, MD
---
---