[Question #3386] Meatitis (intense) and urethritis test results

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90 months ago
Dear Dr: I posted before about intense pain when urinating, redness and swelling of the urethra and swollen lymph nodes (bilateral) in the groin after a protected (with condom) both oral and vaginal sex with an escort. I was diagnosed an NG urethritis, but it become worse with the course of antibiotics with more pain and mucus discharge, so dr HHH who kindly responded my post (so much thanks to him) suggested treatment with antivirals, and a urethral swab test: as I had oral herpes, dr concluded high probability of adenovirus, so I started acyclovir 400 each 8 hours and didn't get the swab test, but got blood tests: chlamydia igm and urine negative, gonnorhea urine negative, thricomona negative, hsv 1 dna real time quantitative pcr <100 copies/ml (negative), hsv1 dna real time quantitative pcr <100 copies/ ml (negative), both in whole blood, hsv 1 igG high (positive) and hsv 2 igg negative.  So far the pain urinating is way less, I don't have discharge, lymph nodes are way smaller, but I started with very small, tiny white ulcers in the meatus (not painful except when urinating), that occasionally bleed, and the meautus is still red and swollen. I also started with left pink eye, with congestion, without discharge, pain or any ulcers. With this said, does this support an adenovirus or other respiratory virus urethritis and exclude the possibility of a new herpes infection, or do I still need an swab test of the urethra because the virus could be only confined there and not in the blood? Do these other virus produce confined tiny ulcers or sores? Thank you for your time and response.
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H. Hunter Handsfield, MD
90 months ago
Welcome back and thanks for the follow-up. I'm sorry you didn't mention your cold symptoms and especially conjunctivitis (pink eye) in your original question! As I said in my reply there, "The other [cause of viral NGU] is adenovirus -- primarily a respiratory virus and a common cause of colds and/or conjunctivitis ("pink eye")." So this indeed supports adenovirus and not herpes as the cause of your urethriitis.  And yes, it could be associated with small ulcerations ("tiny sores"). In contrast, ulcerations caused by herpes typically are at least 1-3 mm in diameter. The combination of conjunctivitis plus urethritis (especially with meatitits) is classical for adenovirus -- I could use your case in my teaching of residents and medical students (and probably will).

I'm somewhat confused by the HSV tests you describe. DNA (PCR) testing of blood is not usually done, and I'm not aware that it is ever likely to be positive, even in people with active HSV infections. (But I'll check on that with some herpes expert colleagues.) The main HSV test should have been a urethral PCR test. But I would not recommend it at this point, the evidence points so strongly to adenovirus that you can safely assume that was the cause; and with resolution clearly underway, I doubt the virus causing the problem could still be detected.

The HSV antibody (IgG) test you had would not be expected to be positive this soon, but it serves as a baselline that could be repeated in several weeks:  conversion to positive would confirm a recent HSV1 or HSV2 infection. You probably should do that, to be 100% certain herpes wasn't the cause. But for the reasons discussed, I'm confident it will remain negative.

I'm very glad to hear your symptoms are improving, as expected. The acyclovir had nothing to do with your improvement -- it is strictly an anti-herpes drug, entirely ineffective against anything else. You can expect continued resolution, complete clearing of all symptoms, and no recurrences.

Best wishes. Let me know if anything isn't clear.

HHH, MD
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H. Hunter Handsfield, MD
90 months ago
By the way, I'm curious where you are, if you're OK letting me know the country and city; or even the particular clinic where you have been getting care for the problem. But of course understand if you'd prefer not.

Thanks--  HHH, MD

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89 months ago
Hi Dr, I can only thank you so much for the interest in my case. As a follow up, I have to tell you that in my original question I didn't have pink eye and congestion: that only started 3 days ago. So, I went to the ophthalmologist, he performed a complete exam in my eye and confirmed an adenovirus with a rapid screening test that came positive. I let him knew this story and he was positive that it wasn't an ocular herpes, also he stated that this is very contagious (possible self inoculation?) . I did the research I could on this and it seems the medical literature is scarce about this condition. I found some reports where it produced an intense meatitis with extreme pain urinating in contrast to the other urethritis, which I  confirm. I should had trusted your expert opinion and let the symptoms subside (I would have saved important money) but imagine my anxiety at not having 100% certainty with my symptoms worsening, and contracting these even with full protection.
I would be more than happy to disclose my location but that could pose privacy problems for me. Is there any other way to reach you?
BUT, I would want to know if I should keep PEP therapy with truvada and tivicay. I should say that these was prescribed by a mix of my pressing anxiety and the doctor not believing 100% I was protected and considering a risky contact. They did a hiv 1 rna qualitative test that was negative before starting pep. Should I keep using this? I'm on day 13.  Thank you for your time an response.

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H. Hunter Handsfield, MD
89 months ago
"...it seems the medical literature is scarce about this condition [adenovirus urethritis}...."  Actually not all that scarce. Go to PubMed, the main portal to world medical literature (or ask your ophthalmologist to do so):  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed  In the main search window, enter "adenovirus AND urethritis". You'll see it identifies 30 scientific papers starting as early as 1967. If you further refine the search by limiting it to words that appear in the titles (adenovirus [ti] AND urethritis [ti]), you'll see 8 papers, mostly in the past 15 years.

I probably would not have recommended PEP in this situation, since HIV transmission has never been proved to occur by oral sex mouth to penis. But PEP decisions always are best made locally, by physicians or clinics who understand the epidemiology and risks for HIV among sexually active persons in the immediate environment. And having taken it for almost 2 weeks, it probably makes sense for you to continue it. Do not base this decision on my advice; it's something for you to discuss with the doctors who presdribed it.
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