Welcome back to the forum and thanks for your questions.  I'm saddened that dermatologists in your location have reduced their services for persons with HPV. Perhaps if you described the lesion as a recently noticed penile bump and went so far as to explain that you're confident that its not a wart (see below) you can get them to take a look which is, by far, the best course of action. 

My sense is that this is not a wart.  I say this based on the fact that the location id quite different from your prior wart, the "company" it is keeping (i.e. the other papules- papules can certainly vary in size on the same person), and the fact that you have now been vaccinated against HPV.  Based on the difference in location, this is unlikely to be a recurrence of your previously treated infection.

Regarding your second question, I do not know enough about the nature history of penile papules to provide a confident answer.  Sorry

The one thing I would urge you not to do is to seek treatment before an expert had seen the lesion.  Treatment of penile papules is typically not effective and there are side effects.  It's a "rabbit hole" you do not want to go down.

In addition, in the interval until you can get this sorted out, I would urge you not to worry and to not feel the need to modify your regular sexual activities. 

I hope these comments are helpful. EWH

Good questions.  My personal bias would be to seek dermatological advice.  With all due respect to urologists, their training is typically surgically focused, dealing with the bladder and urinary collecting system. 

I also totally concur with your sense that it is best not to seek intervention until you have more information and can make an informed decision.  EWH